# Maplore

> Maplore builds open early-warning maps for India that connect weather to health and food threats. It has two tools: Machhar (dengue, malaria and chikungunya) and Tiddi (desert locust). Both are free, use open data, and show how old every number is.

Maplore's premise: rain, heat and humidity change weeks before disease cases or locust swarms appear, so reading the weather gives health and agriculture teams time to act. Neither tool is an official government forecast.

## Machhar (मच्छर, Hindi for mosquito) — dengue, malaria and chikungunya, district by district

- URL: https://maplore.in/machhar/ (formerly PathogenWatch, at /pathogenwatch/, which redirects)
- Covers all 784 districts of India (LGD boundaries), plus a 5 km grid pilot for Goa (dengue).
- Each week, it scores how favourable the weather is for the mosquitoes that carry each disease: rain (containers for Aedes, pools for Anopheles), temperature across the day, and humidity.
- Thermal responses: dengue from the Ae. aegypti trait model (Mordecai et al. 2017); chikungunya from either Ae. aegypti or Ae. albopictus (albopictus peak 26.4 °C, Mordecai et al. 2017); malaria from An. stephensi with P. falciparum and P. vivax (peak about 25 °C, Villena et al. 2022).
- Each district is compared with the same week in its own past years (weather records from 2005), so "higher than usual" means higher than usual for that district at that time of year.
- Looks four weeks ahead: observed weather, a 15-day ECMWF forecast, then an outlook built on rain that has already fallen.
- Updated four times a day.
- Limits: it has not yet been checked against reported cases, because weekly district case counts are not publicly available. Use it alongside surveillance, not instead of it.
- Analyst views: https://maplore.in/machhar/india/ (all districts, all three diseases) and https://maplore.in/machhar/goa/ (Goa 5 km grid).

## Tiddi — desert locust watch (टिड्डी, Hindi for locust)

- URL: https://maplore.in/swarm/
- Covers the 12 districts of India's Scheduled Desert Area in Rajasthan and Gujarat.
- Shows what the latest Locust Warning Organisation field surveys found (via the FAO Locust Hub), how old those surveys are, the latest fortnightly LWO bulletin, and whether rain and soil moisture are enough for locusts to breed.
- A district whose last survey is more than 14 days old is shown as "unknown", never "clear".
- Also shows Pakistan and Iran surveys, weather at 12 breeding areas upwind, animated ECMWF wind, and a replay of the 2019-20 upsurge from Ministry of Agriculture releases and FAO maps: https://maplore.in/swarm/map/

## Data sources

Open-Meteo (self-hosted), ECMWF IFS forecasts, Copernicus ERA5 reanalysis, FAO Locust Hub (RAMSES), Locust Warning Organisation bulletins, NCVBDC case returns, LGD district boundaries, Census of India 2011, OpenStreetMap.