About the data

Two records carry this atlas: a century of India's rain on a grid, and the Pacific's temperature index. Both are open. What is not connected yet is named below.

Latency ledger

green: current · amber: due

The Pacific picture

23 Octmean of 7 days to 23 Oct 2026 · made 15 h ago

daily; sea-surface temperature against the 1971 to 2000 normal; 7 of the days are preliminary and are revised within two weeks

Seasonal forecast

Oct 2026624 runs of 13 models · read under an hour ago

monthly; NOAA's North American Multi-Model Ensemble (6 models, posted around the 8th) and Copernicus (7 models, the 6th to the 10th); each model once; not published if fewer than four of NOAA's carry the new month

Oceanic Niño Index

JAS 2026the latest season NOAA has published · fetched 6 days ago

monthly; three-month running means since 1950

IMD gridded rain

1901–2025125 yearly files, 0.25° daily · fetched 4 Oct 2026

the count uses 1950-2025; 2026 is not published as a full year yet

District hit rates

17 days agocomputed 8 Oct 2026

783 districts, three seasons, 8 strong events; recomputed when a year of rain or a new event is added

Deficient monsoons

1950–2025counted 8 Oct 2026 · 783 districts

from the same gridded rain, by the weather department's classes; recounted when a year of rain or a new event is added

Dry now

23 Octrain to 23 Oct 2026 · made 17 h ago

daily; the weather department's real-time grid, 90 days; not published if a gate fails (newest day over six days old, more than two days missing, or the grid no longer matching the yearly record)

Rice harvest counts

1998–25district table read 7 Oct 2026 · counted 8 Oct 2026

460 districts, monsoon-sown rice; on the Guide, and for older, larger regions as the map's Harvest reading; re-read when the ministry adds a year

Districts

2026LGD codes, Survey of India outline

33 small districts take the nearest rain cell

The strong El Niño years

November to January index, °C

1957–581.75

1965–661.81

1972–731.88

1982–832.36

1991–921.97

1997–982.28

2009–101.50

2015–162.25

26 neutral years set the benchmark: 1952, 1954, 1956, 1959, 1960, 1961, 1962, 1964, 1966, 1967, 1971, 1974, 1978, 1980, 1981, 1985, 1989, 1990, 1992, 1993, 1996, 2001, 2003, 2012, 2013, 2019.

Sources

every number links to one of these

IMD gridded rain0.25°, daily, 1901 on · Pai et al. 2014 NOAA daily sea-surface temperature (OISST v2.1)0.25°, daily, 1981 on · NOAA National Centers for Environmental Information · Huang et al. 2020, doi 10.25921/RE9P-PT57 Real-time daily gridded rainIndia Meteorological Department with NCMRWF, 0.25°, daily Standardized Precipitation IndexMcKee, Doesken and Kleist 1993; recommended by the World Meteorological Organization Rainfall categoriesIndia Meteorological Department: excess, normal, deficient, large deficient Relative Oceanic Niño IndexNOAA Climate Prediction Center; NOAA's official measure since 1 February 2026, and the one this atlas counts on Oceanic Niño IndexNOAA Climate Prediction Center's classic table, counted alongside as a comparison The same index at NOAA PSLa different vintage, shown for comparison only Hausfather 2026the method this follows District crop tableDirectorate of Economics and Statistics, Ministry of Agriculture, on UPAg; district, season, year from 1998-99 State crop tablethe same ministry's state figures, used to set each state's level ICRISAT District Level Databaserice and irrigated area, 1966 on · CC BY 4.0 LGD · Survey of Indiadistricts and the outline Mapterhornopen elevation, the relief

Not connected yet

named here so no page implies it exists

GPCC rain, as a second opinion

the gauge-based global record at 1°, 1891 to 2020; on our storage, not yet compared

the check Hausfather's own method uses; next

The Indian Ocean Dipole

the other ocean, which can cancel or double the Pacific's signal

index on our storage; not yet separated out

Harvests, district by district

the map's Harvest reading colours 1966 regions; too few harvests yet to colour today's districts

production and sown area not yet counted

Reservoirs

what a dry season did to dam levels

not started

La Niña years

the cool phase, counted the same way

same job, not run yet

How to cite

cite as "Maplore ENSO, maplore.in/enso, computed 8 Oct 2026"